Products & Publications

Scholarly publications along with testable products are essential today as they push scientific boundaries and share knowledge across fields. They shape future advancements and support informed decision-making.

Jan 2026

Synthetic Ethical Dialectics Engine (SEDE): An Integrated Approach to AI Governance and Ethical Decision-Making in a Multi-Agent System

The research paper proposes a Synthetic Ethical Dialectics Engine (SEDE), a workflow driven AI governance framework that coordinates ethical debates among AI agents. Each debate stems from a distinct philosophical and technical foundation (utilitarian, deontological, and virtue ethics). The novel workflow integrates these moral philosophies using a reflective equilibrium approach. The proposed engine leverages LlaMa3.2:1b LLM within the n8n development toolkit. The subordinate nodes within the workflow are implemented in JavaScript to enable structured initial analyses, critical conflict analysis, and revised ethical judgments. We demonstrate how moral reasoning benefits a multi-agent system as it brings forth diverse ethical perspectives. SEDE’s outcome is sent in the form of a message to a human moderator for final review via the Telegram app. Thus, the paper discloses the implementation of ethical dialectics in the multi-agent system and further discusses its role for AI safety, policy simulation, and explainable AI ethics.

Dec 2025

Self-Reflective AI Agent for Scientific Hypothesis Generation with Local LLMs

Current AI agents are strong in automation and are popularly regarded as ‘task-followers.’ These agents execute instructions or optimize for a given goal. However, they are weak in generating novel and testable scientific insights. The research paper proposes a self-reflective AI agent that is capable of evaluating its own reasoning, identifying gaps, and generating hypotheses across scientific disciplines. We have developed a prototype ‘Patent Innovation Agent’ with modules for literature exploration (USPTO database), reasoning reflection, hypothesis generation, and novelty evaluation. The prototype generates novel hypotheses in the ‘Intellectual Property’ domain which is not observed in any of the existing state-of-the-art literature. The research introduces a metacognitive AI framework that acts as a co-creator of scientific hypotheses rather than a task executor. The developed architecture thereby augments scientific work of human researchers.

Nov 2025

A Plant-Inspired Alternative to Conventional Memory System Design

Today’s tech and IoT gadgets are power-demanding electronics. These devices need to factor-in the energy consumption parameter to stay relevant in the long-term. One of the key contributors to this changing energy-spectra are the memory systems used by these devices. This includes SRAMs, Flash, or SSDs. The research taps into this complex energy pattern by proposing a unique plant-inspired alternative to conventional memory technologies. Plant-based memory mimics natural processes seen in plants, specifically attributed to memory-like behaviors as observed in the Venus flytrap. We developed a plant-inspired solar powered memory and tested it to identify whether it contributes to reduction in energy consumption while operating in the real world. The results showed that based on the detected environmental conditions the designed prototype activated specific yet different memory responses on Day 1 & Day 2. The proposal thereby showcased a promising futuristic memory framework for the next-gen devices.

Jan 2024

A Sustainable Antenna Design to Enhance Precision Beamforming Capabilities

The adoption of Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MUMIMO) tech in IEEE 802.11 standards transformed wireless communication, enabling data transmission to multiple users simultaneously. However, traditional antennas struggle to meet MU-MIMO’s precise beamforming needs. Additionally, the environmental impact of non-biodegradable antennas adds complexity. This research introduces an eco-friendly antenna design using biodegradable plant fibers like cotton, hemp, bamboo, and jute. This sustainable antenna not only addresses e-waste concerns but also offers a long-term, eco-conscious solution for precise beamforming. Experimental analysis validates its effectiveness, showcasing the potential to revolutionize wireless tech with minimal environmental impact.

Nov 2023

Exploring the Foundations of Consciousness: Nature's Enduring and Fluid Intelligence in its Purest Form

Consciousness remains a philosophical enigma, intertwined with memory yet distinct in its essence. This research aims to elucidate the nature of consciousness by drawing upon examples of its manifestation across various entities in the universe. It contends that consciousness transcends memory, functioning as a fluid intelligence ubiquitous in every level of existence. The paper explores the distinction between memory and consciousness, examining how consciousness pervades all physical entities and operates beyond the realms of wakefulness or awareness. It argues that while language falls short in defining consciousness, entities such as soil, light, water, and even humans serve as conduits to access this pervasive phenomenon.

Oct 2024

A Green-Energy Based ‘Hydroponic Charging System’ to Power Digital Devices

The paper proposes a novel green-energy based ‘hydroponic charging system’ design to power digital devices. The system relies on the principle of photosynthesis (PS-I and PS-II) of aquatic plants to derive biochemical current that charges gadgets such as smartphones. The focus lies in harnessing the plant’s ability to convert solar energy into electrical current. The proposed photosynthetic system interfaces with electrodes and electron mediators, transforming light energy into usable electrical power. The developed prototype uses carbon electrodes to capture electrons from a Monstera plant. The results reveal a significant fluctuation in DC voltage (0.40-0.51V) which serves as an indicator of electrical energy generated by plants as part of photosynthesis or response to the external environment.

Dec 2024

A Plant-Inspired Organic Photovoltaic Cell

The paper presents a plant-inspired organic photovoltaic (PV) cell that leverages the natural photosynthetic processes of plants to create a sustainable solar energy solution. The solar cell uses chlorophyll and activated charcoal as the main renewable energy ingredient. The photovoltaic material aids in efficient sunlight absorption and energy conversion. The chlorophyll molecules serve as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional silicon-based cells. The study presents a prototype that converts sunlight into mechanical energy. The performance comparison between the standard PV and organic cell reveals that the developed prototype has a better solar energy conversion rate than the traditional silicon chips. Thus, the paper offers a greener and more sustainable option for solar-based applications such as solar water heaters, watches, street lights, solar EVs, and so on.